Batwan, pronounced BAT-WAN in the Hiligaynon language, is a common souring agent for soups in the specific ethno-linguistic area of Iloilo and the northern parts of Negros Occidental. It is also exclusively used in Ilonggo cooking in the Western Visayas, the fruit not available anywhere else.
I have heard that the tree has a high degree of difficulty taking root outside of the islands of Panay and Negros. Elsewhere in the country, transplanted Ilonggos (natives of Iloilo) and Negrenses (natives of Negros) use bottled batwan preserved in salt when cooking dishes native to their culture.
Batwan is alien to me, being a Pangasinense (a native of the province of Pangasinan, in the northwestern part of the island of Luzon). But I have seen the batwan fruit hanging from a tree growing by the roadside, as pointed out to me by friends and fellow travelers, during a trip traversing the mountains that separated the Occidental and Oriental portions of Negros. That had been my first trip to the island, in the summer of my college freshman year.
I encountered batwan only for the second time recently. But this time, I had the tremendous fortune of being gifted several pieces of the fruit for cooking, from a dear friend who shared from her fresh stash straight from the markets of Iloilo City.

These were given to me smooth green without any blemishes, but I kept them in the ref until I found the time to cook them. A Bacolodnon friend advised that batwan had to be used fresh - while still green and firm - within three days after purchase from the market.
After about five days in the ref the batwan had brown spots, but still firm. I used them quartered in a sinigang (soured broth) with bangus (milkfish), tomatoes, ginger root and kamote tops, as instructed both by my benefactor and the Bacolodnon friend.
The soup was reminiscent of sinigang sa bayabas (guava soup), the batwan flesh starchy like gabi (taro), the seeds looking and tasting like mangosteen (to which it is related).
Batwan actually intrigued me, because it looked like a smaller, flattened siniguelas, with smoother, green skin and firm flesh. But what I found interesting was its mute smell - it didn't give off any scent - that belied its innate sourness, capable of bringing on puckered mouths and crinkled eyes from its tingling tartness.
Then I watched Namets, an entry to the 2008 Cinemalaya film festival at the Cultural Center of the Philippines, and a film celebrating food in Negros. There was a scene discussing batwan as a main ingredient in kansi, a Negrense dish made of tuhod ng baka (beef knees) and langka (green jackfruit).
My curiosity was perked, as I haven't come across this kansi. I told my benefactor to set some batwan aside for me when she gets another shipment. And wonderfully, right then and there I was given a small bagfull, in several sizes, and colors as well (first photo above).
I felt doubtful about the small brown pieces, which looked like flat chicos with shiny smooth skin. But friends from Bacolod to whom I sent photos of the batwan said they were okay to use, as long as they were still firm. And they added that batwan is also used for souring the Ilonggo specialty KBL, or kadios-baboy-langka, a dish of beans, pork and green jackfruit in soured broth.
But kadios is as hard to find in Metro Manila as the batwan. So I made kansi, with half a kilo beef shank bone-in, half a kilo green langka, a few slices of ginger root and some sliced bell peppers. I put the ginger and batwan with the beef in a pressure cooker half-filled with water, allowed it to cook for about an hour, then put in the langka and cooked for about 20 minutes more.

I made a mistake in not parboiling the langka before adding it to the kansi, which resulted in the vegetable being a bit chewier than expected, and it tasted slightly bitter. Green langka is not cooked as a vegetable in Pangasinan cuisine.
Nevertheless, the dish was stupendously, marvelously, delicious, a properly mouth-puckering beef sinigang to the nth degree, due to the long cooking that resulted in the soup fully infused with the flavors of the batwan.
Kansi is said to be a cross between a bulalo (beef shank in clear broth) - because of the use of marrowed beef bone - and sinigang (soured broth) - because of the sourness factor. For me it defines a new level of beef sinigang - the sourness not as acidulously pungent as the tamarind fruit (the common souring agent for meat soups) can make it, but with a certain sweet edge that's not so tangible, rather like an aftertaste. And not as teeth-numbing, too.
The batwan disintegrated from the long cooking, and it imparted the full extent of its sourness - no more guava hints this time. It is now my favorite souring agent for sinigang using meats.
I have to confess, though, that I have no way of knowing if my kansi is true to the original kansi of Bacolod. Wyatt, a Bacolod native, posted a recipe for kansi in his blog, which is a bit different from how I did mine. But I have a standing invitation from a friend in Bacolod to eat kansi cooked by his uncle, who reputedly makes a great one. I hope I can oblige soon.
I have heard that the tree has a high degree of difficulty taking root outside of the islands of Panay and Negros. Elsewhere in the country, transplanted Ilonggos (natives of Iloilo) and Negrenses (natives of Negros) use bottled batwan preserved in salt when cooking dishes native to their culture.
Batwan is alien to me, being a Pangasinense (a native of the province of Pangasinan, in the northwestern part of the island of Luzon). But I have seen the batwan fruit hanging from a tree growing by the roadside, as pointed out to me by friends and fellow travelers, during a trip traversing the mountains that separated the Occidental and Oriental portions of Negros. That had been my first trip to the island, in the summer of my college freshman year.
I encountered batwan only for the second time recently. But this time, I had the tremendous fortune of being gifted several pieces of the fruit for cooking, from a dear friend who shared from her fresh stash straight from the markets of Iloilo City.
These were given to me smooth green without any blemishes, but I kept them in the ref until I found the time to cook them. A Bacolodnon friend advised that batwan had to be used fresh - while still green and firm - within three days after purchase from the market.
After about five days in the ref the batwan had brown spots, but still firm. I used them quartered in a sinigang (soured broth) with bangus (milkfish), tomatoes, ginger root and kamote tops, as instructed both by my benefactor and the Bacolodnon friend.
The soup was reminiscent of sinigang sa bayabas (guava soup), the batwan flesh starchy like gabi (taro), the seeds looking and tasting like mangosteen (to which it is related).
Batwan actually intrigued me, because it looked like a smaller, flattened siniguelas, with smoother, green skin and firm flesh. But what I found interesting was its mute smell - it didn't give off any scent - that belied its innate sourness, capable of bringing on puckered mouths and crinkled eyes from its tingling tartness.
Then I watched Namets, an entry to the 2008 Cinemalaya film festival at the Cultural Center of the Philippines, and a film celebrating food in Negros. There was a scene discussing batwan as a main ingredient in kansi, a Negrense dish made of tuhod ng baka (beef knees) and langka (green jackfruit).
My curiosity was perked, as I haven't come across this kansi. I told my benefactor to set some batwan aside for me when she gets another shipment. And wonderfully, right then and there I was given a small bagfull, in several sizes, and colors as well (first photo above).
I felt doubtful about the small brown pieces, which looked like flat chicos with shiny smooth skin. But friends from Bacolod to whom I sent photos of the batwan said they were okay to use, as long as they were still firm. And they added that batwan is also used for souring the Ilonggo specialty KBL, or kadios-baboy-langka, a dish of beans, pork and green jackfruit in soured broth.
But kadios is as hard to find in Metro Manila as the batwan. So I made kansi, with half a kilo beef shank bone-in, half a kilo green langka, a few slices of ginger root and some sliced bell peppers. I put the ginger and batwan with the beef in a pressure cooker half-filled with water, allowed it to cook for about an hour, then put in the langka and cooked for about 20 minutes more.
I made a mistake in not parboiling the langka before adding it to the kansi, which resulted in the vegetable being a bit chewier than expected, and it tasted slightly bitter. Green langka is not cooked as a vegetable in Pangasinan cuisine.
Nevertheless, the dish was stupendously, marvelously, delicious, a properly mouth-puckering beef sinigang to the nth degree, due to the long cooking that resulted in the soup fully infused with the flavors of the batwan.
Kansi is said to be a cross between a bulalo (beef shank in clear broth) - because of the use of marrowed beef bone - and sinigang (soured broth) - because of the sourness factor. For me it defines a new level of beef sinigang - the sourness not as acidulously pungent as the tamarind fruit (the common souring agent for meat soups) can make it, but with a certain sweet edge that's not so tangible, rather like an aftertaste. And not as teeth-numbing, too.
The batwan disintegrated from the long cooking, and it imparted the full extent of its sourness - no more guava hints this time. It is now my favorite souring agent for sinigang using meats.
I have to confess, though, that I have no way of knowing if my kansi is true to the original kansi of Bacolod. Wyatt, a Bacolod native, posted a recipe for kansi in his blog, which is a bit different from how I did mine. But I have a standing invitation from a friend in Bacolod to eat kansi cooked by his uncle, who reputedly makes a great one. I hope I can oblige soon.
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