Wednesday, March 30, 2011

Nature’s Tropical Summertime Largesse


The blazing hot Philippine summer season means it’s tangay-tangay time. In the Pangasinan language, tangay-tangay describes people – children and adults alike – who are always looking up towards the heavens.

And that is because during the sultry months, most trees teem with fruit, branches laden with so much that they are almost perpendicular to the ground, and one ripe fruit is bound to slide down straight to your mouth if you open it wide while looking up.

I have fond summer memories of going around with a gang of friends raiding the neighborhood guava trees, leaving them bereft of fruits, which we collected in our upturned shirt hems that inevitably got stained.

Somebody invariably always brought a packet of rock salt, and we just wiped the guavas on our shirts to remove the accumulated dust, dipped them on the salt, and bit on them right there under the guava tree.

We bit on the fruit in a circular fashion – going around the fruit, not through it, to avoid the core of tightly packed seeds. Or maybe it was just me, because I didn’t like eating the seeds (they came out of me the next day still whole).

The guavas of my childhood are small, round with dark green skin, which turn pale and tawny as they ripen. The flesh is white when unripe, and an opaque yellow when ripe. We always picked and ate them hard and unripe – they had that characteristic sour apple taste then, but not acidic.

The skin was bitter, but we didn’t mind because they were always very thin. We didn’t like the sweetish taste of them when they turned soft, and there was always the risk of biting into a fruit full of worms.

The pink ones are rare. These are bigger guavas, the skin lighter green, the flesh yellowish when unripe but turn into a lovely coral-pink shade when soft and ripe. My kids rather like the fragrant ripe fruits, which I get hard and unripe, letting them ripen on the kitchen counter.

Guavas are not really high-value fruit in these parts, despite their being touted as superfruits because of their being chockfull of vitamins, minerals, carotenoids and polyphenols. They sprout, bear fruits, which are harvested by the entire neighborhood, and then left on their own until the next harvest. Which explains why we didn’t even bother to wash them when I was a child. Guavas weren’t acquainted with harmful chemical sprays. I hope that is still true today.

Several trees in the backyard would spell a surfeit that would litter the ground and perfume the air, which might turn unpleasant with the heat. So some people end up selling some guavas at the market. But the price is always pamigay - so low it’s tantamount to giving the fruits away.


These mangoes are called pao in the Pangasinan language, or pajo somewhere else, accent on the last syllable, so it is sometimes mistaken as referring to a sensitive female body part.

These mangoes are also eaten maeta – unripe, the younger, more immature, the better. I even pick out those whose seeds are still bald and bereft of those strands of fiber that develop as the fruit matures. The undeveloped seeds are still very small, ensconced in a thin, tender white shell, so I get more of the tinglingly sour flesh, and I don’t get pesky fiber tangled in-between my teeth.

Unripe pao is crisp, with a slight sourness but not in a forward manner, like apple that’s not sweet but not sour either. It is a few centuries removed from the blasting tartness of carabao mangoes. So even though unripe carabao mangoes are also eaten (to get a kick), it is a more agreeable experience for the teeth to eat unripe pao.

Like eating apple mango, too, sometimes called Indian mango, which are bigger but also heart-shaped. Apple mangoes have paler skin, with a blush of pink.

Accompaniment is a simple saucer of salt, which can be mixed with crushed siling labuyo so to tease the sweltering summer, or even a few drops of vinegar to amp the sourness a notch.

We don’t eat ripe pao either. Or apple mangoes. They both develop a medicinal taste that’s repulsive when ripe. They sweeten a bit, yes, but medicinally sweet.


Chicos are so sugary sweet I’m afraid to give them to diabetics. The grainy texture of the flesh lets me imagine that it’s made of brown sugar crystals. Even though they are harvested still unripe they ripen to an indomitable candy sugariness.

They cannot remain long on the tree, for once they soften the birds will go crazy and peck on each and every one of them. So the unripe fruits are harvested once mature, scrubbed of the sap in water, then left to dry. After a few days the fruit will be soft and ready to eat.

They should be soft, but not yieldingly so. A small pressure applied to the middle of the fruit will halve it, and so the chico feast commences. We scrape the flesh to the thin skin. When I was a child we were made to eat the skin, washed of course, because the elders harvested our chico bounty from our own trees.

Fruits that feel bloated to the touch are already over-ripe and have started to rot, tasting sour. Having too many rotten chicos is always a problem in our house because they proceed to ripen all at once, and it’s difficult to keep up because you can only eat that many chicos.

Their sugary nature prohibits one from indulging – it gets cloying because the sweetness is so straightforward. I can’t make them into something else – the distinct chico taste disappears once it is mixed with other ingredients.


More Summer Fruits
Chico Lassi
Bioko
Anonas/Guyabano
Guapple
Cashew Fruit (Apple)
Siriguelas
Duhat
Kaimito
Carabao Mangoes

Saturday, March 26, 2011

Alakaak


I enjoy going to the wet market of Cavite City. I've been going there regularly for four years now, every week without miss, except when we are out of town on weekends.

I've more or less become familiar with the cycle of seasonal fish. I've come to know that there won't be a lot of fish choices today, even no choice at all, when it rained throughout yesterday.

And I've expanded my horizon and tried previously unknown fish which I see in Cavite. It gets so boring, sometimes, when the only fish I know are tilapia (available year-round because they are cultured, bangus, too, but I don't buy because my loyalty is with Bonuan bangus) and galunggong. I've even come to know that there are several varieties of galunggong, differentiated by the the dash of color on their fins and/or tail.

Actually the seafood offering in Cavite is very much like that in Pangasinan. The focus is on marine fish - which in Pangasinan comes from the Lingayen Gulf extending to the South China Sea, while in Cavite they are sourced from Manila Bay.

But of course there are the differences. Which makes my wet market forays real fascinating. For the most part, there are species I've never encountered before. And it makes my day talking with the vendor and the buyers, asking them how to clean, cook and properly eat the seafood.

But there are also creatures I won't buy. Like rays, and octopus, which I know is delicious but there's nobody in the house who knows how to manage it.

About this alakaak - it looks and tastes familiar, and I'm sure I've eaten some one way or another previously. But I can't truly remember it - it wasn't regularly served in my childhood home.

It's called tuel, or balat, or dulama according to this website, supplying the English name croaker.

It looks like what's called isdang bato in Dagupan, or even bulasi, but I'm not sure.



But the way it is cooked is truly unchartered for me. The vendor and other buyers were one in saying that it's utterly sublime pan-seared and sauteed in tomatoes and malunggay pulp - the flesh of malunggay pods scraped from the skins before cooking.

In Pangasinan, people are unabashed malunggay pod eaters, but I've never come across the vegetable served like this. First of all, we don't scrape the flesh like they do in Cavite - we just cut the pods and cook them, skin and all, or with scraped skin, but still with skin.

And second, we might add a fried or grilled fish as a flavor enhancer, but it would only be just a head, never as the main ingredient. Here in Cavite, the fish and the vegetables are both the stars. And it's quite nice, though I'm wondering if we could skip the frying part.

Which just reinforces the principle that I try to live by. That when in Rome and you do what the Romans do, a whole new world opens up to you.



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Tuesday, March 22, 2011

Patani


These fresh beans have been lately appearing in the spread of my suki vegetable vendors, both in Cavite and at the Guadalupe "peripheral" market (along the busy alleys where Ilocanos and Batanguenos sell, and not inside the sprawling official market building). I sometimes come across them still in their pods, and I buy them freshly shelled.

But at other times they come already packed in small plastic bags at Php10 each, or a mound of them are waiting for me to scoop a handful. The quality of the pre-shucked beans are not inferior to the freshly shelled ones, based on my experience. I don’t always cook them the day I buy them, anyway, storing them first in the refrigerator, so it doesn’t matter.


Ironically, it is only now that I am regularly eating patani. I never had them at home growing up. I don’t see them at the public markets I frequent in Pangasinan, either. The first time I ate patani was in an inabraw in Laoag, up in Ilocos Norte, at the onset of my adulthood. Which was just right since these beans are associated with Ilocanos. And now I understand Tagalogs eat them, too.

That first time, I don’t remember which vegetables were put in the stew. There was a humongous kaserola of it, to nourish a group of us, among other things, while enjoying the white beach of Pagudpud. What I do remember was that the entire dish was full of rough, brownish things. But I ate a bowlful of it, as eating vegetables was indelibly ingrained in my meal-time acquired behavior.

Patani are large relative to the dried beans I am most acquainted with – monggo, black beans, kidney beans, agayep (sitaw). But the texture of the inner flesh is very smooth, almost buttery, like finely mashed kamote. The kids deem the skins inedible so they discard them.


It’s just unfortunate that the beans boil to a nondescript brown color and don’t retain the delicate green hue while raw with that exquisite pink doodles on the surface. If they do I’m sure the kids would eat the skins, too.

I gather patani are called lima beans, and have been brought to the archipelago from South America. I see other kinds of beans here that are also popular in the American continent, like the white-splashed maroon ones, called Christmas lima beans, also known in Italy as fagioli del papa or Pope’s beans.

There’s also something like what’s called Florida butterbeans in the Americas, black and white in irregular patterns. All these are heirloom beans that are currently being commercially cultivated in the West.

They are collectively known as patani here in the Philipines, though I’m not sure if they are differentiated somewhere else. The extent of cultivation is not commercial, and a major part thrive in the wild.


I like patani boiled with okra, bataw and eggplants, in a stew flavored with bagoong and topped with grilled or fried bangus. Sometimes with squash, sigarillas and malunggay pods. The green patani cook in a short time, but the Christmas and butterbeans require an overnight soak to soften them before cooking.

Perhaps making up for the additional prep time, the latter ones taste nuttier, ascribed to possess a chestnut flavor. It probably explains why popes adore them.




Bahay Kubo

Bahay kubo, kahit munti
Ang halaman doon ay sari-sari
Singkamas at talong, sigarillas at mani
Sitaw, bataw, patani

Kundol, patola, upo’t kalabasa
At saka meron pa, labanos, mustasa
Sibuyas, kamatis, bawang at luya
Sa paligid-ligid ay puno ng linga



Roughly translated as:

Bahay Kubo
(Filipino folk song)

Nipa hut, even though small
the plants surrounding it are varied and many
turnips and eggplants, winged beans and peanuts
yard-long beans, hyacinth beans, lima beans

wax gourd, sponge gourd, bottle gourd, squash
and there’s more, radish, mustard
onions, tomatoes, garlic and ginger
the surrounding spaces filled with sesame




Friday, March 18, 2011

Papaya Efflorescence


My heart goes out to all those who are facing undefinable loss at this time from the monstrous earthquake and tsunami that ravaged Japan. I spent a month going around the country one winter years ago, marvelling at the delicately beautiful landscape and ancient structures, at the same time gaining many tomodachi Nihhon-jin. I failed to keep the communication with them over the years, and my prayers now are that they are all safe, especially my host families in several locations.

I am certain that it is difficult to hope so approximate to the disaster that happened only a week ago, with more horrors arising every day. It’s coincidental that I’m reading Gail Tsukiyama’s The Street of A Thousand Blossoms (2007), which recounts how Japan rose from the ashes of World War II from the veiwpoint of two little orphaned brothers.

Newspapers proclaim last week’s catastrophe is the worst for Japan since WWII. Although the losses may scar for life, I am of the belief that Japan's sun will rise again, just as it did more than half a century ago. As the NY Times’ book review states, "…the end of war doesn’t mean the end of tragedy. At the same time, tragedy doesn’t mean the end of hope."


As I mentioned previously, my two papaya trees by the side of the house were uprooted last year by typhoons. Those two came from seeds which we dried from ripe fruits that we had for breakfast. Little did I know that another tree had taken root somewhere else, on its own, without any intervention (we were taught in elementary school to let the seeds sprout then transplant them).

There’s a place at the corner of the property where we live, adjacent to the perimeter and away from the house, where we gather all plant trimmings to let them dry. It is by this patch that a papaya tree had flourished, and at only about ten feet high it is already laden with many small fruit.


Unlike with the first two trees, when I worried about castration, papaya fruits proceeded to develop underneath this one’s velvety, ivory flowers even without any other papaya tree in sight. Perhaps it benefited from the fires that burned the dried trimmings, smoking the papaya tree.

But now I’m concerned the tree wouldn’t be able to bear all the weight of its fruits when they get bigger. My tot has found three small fruits lying at the base of the tree, but I think those were the result of gail force winds that brought cold but not rain which have plagued our area lately.

I am terribly protective of the fruits right now. Not like a mother, though, but due to vested interests. We regularly have unripe papaya as a vegetable, developing an inordinate fondness of it in the children. And they love ripe papayas for breakfast, too, especially the cutimbew, who doesn’t mind the added trips to the bathroom it induces.


So I hope it gains the needed strength to be able to support the impending weight of its maiden produce. I hope it does. But I won’t despair if it doesn’t. For I have understood that nature gives, but also takes. Though there’s always hope. Hope that whatever is taken, something else is given back for it.



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Patola Flowers
Squash Blooms
Okra, Eggplant, Jackfruit Florets
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Papaya Dishes
Papaya with String Beans
Sigarillas, Kabute, Papaya, Gabi
Atsara
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Friday, March 11, 2011

Adobong Ilonggo


It melts in your mouth, leaving a swath of orange oil coating your lips, which you won't hesitate to wipe away with your tongue.

It's hot with the fire of finger chiles, aromatic from the bay leaves and whole black peppercorns. It's flavorsome, the meats infused with all they've been stewed with.

That's Ilonggo adobo, braised in vinegar and annatto oil until they mellowed and let the flavor of the meats force their way to the front. Not salty, since it's without soy sauce, and with very little hint of salt. Not sour either, the vinegar shying away after hours of cooking.

The first thing I thought of was Portuguese/Spanish-style sardines, the way the pork and chicken were steeped in oil, the obvious long cooking time that rendered the meats falling off the bones. And the foreground taste was the laurel-and-pepper-spiced, achuete-infused oil.


This is adobo as traditional as it could hope to be. Preserved in vinegar, dyed to lure. Taste that forces you to reach out for that bowl of steaming steamed rice. Again and again. and meant to induce beads of sweat.

This was cooked by somebody from the island of Panay, an Ilonggo "na taga-bukid," (from the mountains, since bukid in Hiligaynon is mountains, not farmland). And this is how Bacolodnon friends describe their home-cooked adobo. Spanning the two islands that share the same cultural and linguistic, as well as culinary, traits.




Friday, March 04, 2011

Umbrella Tree Seeds


Most of us have forsaken, during the last ten thousand years, the nomadic chapter of our history as modern humans. But we had hunted and gathered for roughly 5 million years, that doing so had been implanted as a basic instinct that is passed down in our inherited collective memories.

I can prove that with the unexplainable behavior of my kids. Don't think my kids are weird, as my friends think of them when they see them eating vegetables voluntarily, because almost all kids in our neighborhood have exhibited this unexplainable behavior, too.

First it was aratiles. And now this buto (seed).

For the past month or so my two older kids have been all abuzz with this buto they have been scavenging around the neighborhood with the other kids.


They have pinpointed places that likely harbors a stash of these buto, and have come to know what a seed that has an edible core looks like.

What's more incredible is that they have discovered the most crude way of getting to that edible, nutty core.


What can be more paleolithic than employing a large rock to repeatedly pound the hard shell encasing the seed until you get to the part that can be eaten?


Of course as any normal mother I shook with fright the first time I heard this hunt for and gathering of seeds. But I kept my composure so my kids didn't form an early opinion of their mother as unsteadily fastidious.

I went with them to their sojourns, keeping my mouth shut when they turned over patches of soil looking for buried seeds (silently remembering to remind them to wash their hands afterwards). I let them educate me on which seeds can be eaten - anything that looks whole, while striated ones or those with lines etched on them are empty and should be discarded.


And they taught me how to pick a suitable stone for crushing the seeds, and the pounding itself. They even so generously gave me every other seed they unearthed, to prove to me how delicious they were, and so that I would understand why they like hunting for them.


The nut was very miniscule, and I thought the effort involved hunting for them and the exercise you got in opening the case wasn't commensurate to the size of the reward.

Of course I understand that it's not hunger that is the motivation of it all. My kids, and their friends, are more than well-provided for. But after meals my kids would be ready to jump and embark on a search party for these seeds. It's the excitement, the challenge, and the ability to find something on their own, that propels them.

the aftermath

The nut tasted like almonds. It was somewhat a bit acidulated, but the almond likeness was unmistakable. The nut was elongated and somewhat flat, too.

The whole time I was curiously intrigued, naturally. The first question was, which tree did these seeds come from? For they couldn't have fallen from the trees underneath which they are found (around the base of ipil, or palms). I deduced the seeds must have been washed around by floods, or swept and collected and left to rot.

Did we have a local version of almonds?


And then we found fresh seeds, with their thick green skins still intact. These confirmed what I suspected - that they are umbrella tree seeds - but couldn't accept because I never knew seeds from a species largely considered ornamental was edible.


I grew up with an umbrella tree in our front yard growing alongside, towering above other street-side trees in our area, just as I towered above my classmates and peers. It provided much-appreciated shade while we lounged in our andamyo - the front lawn equipped with cement benches - talking with friends and watching people pass by.

The tree's branches, laden with thick foliages of big, wide leaves extended outward 360 degrees. While it didn't have a perfectly round crown, it did perform as an umbrella would, even during a light rain.

But nobody in Pangasinan ate its seeds. It wasn't common where I grew up, because my hometown is inland and landlocked.


It is only now that I discovered that my childhood umbrella tree is actually the endemic Talisai tree (also talisay), from the family Combretaceae, Terminalia catappa, also known as the Indian Almond or Umbrella tree.

Talisay flourish in coastal areas, so we have an abundance of them now where we live. And the seeds are really edible. Right at this time they are bereft of seeds, the seeds that had fallen months ago having dried up and are just right for eating.

But it must be near fruiting time again. The leaves have turned bright orange that blaze as the sun sets, and are falling one by one.

That's why the hunting and gathering instinct has been awakened.

autumn this close to the equator



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Aratiles